201709 Clinical Research

Track Name

Clinical Research Track

Submitting WG/Project/Implementer Group

Biopharma FHIR project group; TransCelerate Biopharma eSource Work Stream

Justification

This track will continue to further explore the benefits of FHIR for clinical research of new biopharmaceutical experimental treatments, and to increase visibility of FHIR within the biopharmaceutical community. This track advances the use of FHIR resources as eSource data used to pre-populate clinical research case report forms for both regulated and non-regulated clinical research. It will also explore use of PlanDefinition in the context of research protocols. This builds on previous explorations in Connectathon 13-15.

Plans for this connection include participating from at least 5 Pharmaceutical companies, Members of TransCelerate Biopharma, Inc. consortium, who will be bringing programmers from the EDC vendors they work with to manage clinical study databases. A set of 4-8 detailed use case scenarios will be proposed. A challenge grant award will be issued by TransCelerate to the pharma/vendor team that creates the best FHIR solution to meet one or more of the scenarios. This work will inform development of profiles and IGs to support clinical research using FHIR.

Clinical Research studies currently require the redundant entry of clinical data that already typically reside in Meaningful Use conformant EHR systems. EHR data represents original records in electronic format that can be used as eSource and directly imported into clinical research EDC databases so as to improve the quality and consistency of data between EHR and EDC systems and eliminate the need for redundant data entry. Establishing interoperability between EHR and EDC systems to streamline and modernize clinical investigations should improve data accuracy, patient safety, and clinical research efficiency. Given the extreme cost and extended time required for randomized clinical trials, it would be substantially better to utilize EHR source data to directly populate clinical trial databases wherever feasible. The May 2016 FDA draft guidance titled “Use of Electronic Health Record Data in Clinical Investigations” encourages the sponsors of clinical research to use EHR data as noted in the statement below.

FDA encourages sponsors and clinical investigators to work with the entities that control the EHRs, such as health care organizations, to use EHRs and EDC systems that are interoperable. EHRs may be interoperable with EDC systems in a variety of ways depending on supportive technologies and standards. Interoperable technology may involve automated electronic transmission of relevant EHR data to the EDC system. For example, data elements originating in an EHR (e.g., demographics, vital signs, past medical history, past surgical history, social history, medications, adverse reactions) may automatically populate the eCRFs within an EDC system.

Proposed Track Lead

See Connectathon_Track_Lead_Responsibilities Wayne Kubick (wkubick@hl7.org), Sam Hume (swhume@gmail.com); Geoff Low (glow@mdsol.com); Trisha Simpson (trisha.simpson@ucb.com)

Expected participants

TransCelerate Biopharma, Inc., UCB, Pfizer, Novo-Nordisk, GSK, Merck, Lilly, Medidata, Oracle Health Sciences

Roles

Please include information here regarding how much advance preparation will be required if creating a client and/or server.

FHIR Client

Support the sending and receiving of clinical research study data: create, read, search and update from a clinical study database system or a patient device.

FHIR Server

Support the sending and receiving of Clinical Research subject and study data from an EHR.

Clinical Trial Designer

Sets up patient matching criteria and identifiers for ResearchStudy and ResearchSubject for a synthetic test study. Creates study database, mappings/interfaces, EDC case report forms with variable mappings to FHIR that will receive EHR patient data for clinical trial subjects. Generate updates from EDC to apply to the EHR.

Data Collector

Queries API to identify patients by Study and Subject identifiers to pull EHR data for demographics, medications and lab data that maps directly to variables on eCRF. Provides data generated by patients to add to study databases or EHRs.

Scenarios

1) Apply clinical study eligibility criteria (using both structured and unstructured data) to identify potential study investigators and subjects using FHIR API

2) Pre-populate EDC eCRFs for clinical study subjects using EHR data (patient demographics, encounters, observations, diagnosis, medications, healthcare resource utilization) retrieved through FHIR API

3) Explore updating patient data in EHR after data corrections have been identified and verified in EDC study database

4) Explore integration of patient-generated data (possibly collected using SMART-on-FHIR apps) with EHR patient data, and explore import of the patient-generated data back into the EHR.

5) Explore conduct of a long-term randomized clinical study, with protocol/plan definition, e-consent.

6) Explore use of CDS Hooks during patient encounters to notify study project manager and to identify protocol deviations.

Scenario 1 Examining EHR patient data for protocol feasibility and clinical trial recruitment

Action: Queries are run against EHR data to identify patients who may meet certain sample protocol eligibility criteria

Precondition: At least 1 patient meeting eligibility criteria exists in the EHR database; may be preassigned a study and subject identifier

Success Criteria: Returns counts, practitioner identifiers, patient identifiers

Bonus point: Assign a ResearchStudy Identifier and ResearchSubject Identifier in EHR for enrolled subjects

Scenario 2 Collect ResearchSubject Lab Data and convert to CDISC

Action: Create mappings for a sample set of the most commonly used lab parameters in clinical trials.

Precondition: Lab data stream has lab data available. One patient has at least 2 sets of lab observations for at least 3 lab tests. LOINC codes for the set of lab tests to be used and mappings to CDISC for these will be specified in advance.

Success Criteria: The lab data is successfully imported into an EDC system and the EDC system shows both the original test name and unit and the mapped test name and unit.

Bonus point : Document the mapping of CCDS content to CDISC standard data elements.