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Difference between revisions of "ClinicalNote FHIR Resource Proposal"

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=== Boundaries with existing resources ===
 
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The following describes limitations with using existing resources to convey Clinical Notes.
 
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===== DomainResource.text Narrative =====
 
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For a subset of use cases, only when the clinical note type conveys that the contents are specific to a '''single''' resource, the resource-specific Narrative (DomainResource.text.div) was considered because the DomainResource.text Narrative [http://hl7-fhir.github.io/domainresource-definitions.html#DomainResource.text] is a "human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource, and may be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative." 
 
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The drawback to using resource-specific narrative is that it could prevent us from identifying the actual note body if the narrative also includes other attributes, such as author, date/time, etc.  For example, the section ‘HPI’ as a pure narrative, included in a composition ‘Admission H&P’ where:
 
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* DomainResource.text.div might include the body of the note prefaced with identifying header text of the title (e.g. ‘HPI:’ ), dates, or authorship. 
 
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* By contrast, the body of the note is a subset of the DomainResource.text.div without the dates, author, or title (e.g. ‘This is a 57 year old man with history of xxx presenting with yyy for …’)
 
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===== Clinical Impression =====
 
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The ClinicalImpression [http://hl7-fhir.github.io/clinicalimpression.html] is a "record of a clinical assessment performed to determine what problem(s) may affect the patient and before planning the treatments or management strategies that are best to manage a patient's condition."  However, a Clinical Note could have one or more Clinical Impressions, which are typically part of a section named "Assessment/Plan", but not all Clinical Notes contain Clinical Impressions.  Because notes are a form of human communication, nearly anything can be described in the narrative of a clinical note.  Regardless of this breadth, most EHR systems use the same workflow and user interface to capture the narrative.  The clinical note narrative can be condition-oriented (e.g. SOAP) or more administrative in nature, such as communicating patient transportation arrangements, phone calls, or when the family members will be available to talk to physician, etc. 
 
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===== Composition =====
 
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Because "a Composition [http://hl7-fhir.github.io/composition.html] defines the structure, it does not actually contain the content" there is a need for a resource that defines the narrative content within a clinical note.
 
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===== Annotation =====
 
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Because Annotation is a data type, Annotations are not discoverable on their own.  Workflow capabilities (e.g. read/unread, review/cosignature) are not features of an annotations.  Furthermore, additional codified attributes, such as note type, are not available via Annotations.  The FHIR Annotation [http://hl7-fhir.github.io/datatypes.html#annotation] data type is meant to be a collection of "text note which also contains information about who made the statement and when" in context of another resource (e.g. AllergyIntolerance, Procedure, MedicationOrder, Encounter).  As such, a benefit of using a separate resource for Clinical Note is that there could be users who have privileges to create a Clinical Note, but might not have privileges to modify the resource-specific annotation.
 
 
   
 
   
 
<!-- Define the full scope of coverage for the resource.  The scope must be clearly delineated such that it does not overlap with any other existing or expected resource.  The scope will be used to govern "what is the set of potential applications to consider when evaluating what elements are 'core' – i.e. in the 80%"
 
<!-- Define the full scope of coverage for the resource.  The scope must be clearly delineated such that it does not overlap with any other existing or expected resource.  The scope will be used to govern "what is the set of potential applications to consider when evaluating what elements are 'core' – i.e. in the 80%"

Revision as of 20:46, 9 April 2016

OpenHotTopic.GIF

This page documents a Pending FHIR Resource Proposal



ClinicalNote

Owning committee name

Patient_Care

Committee Approval Date

TBD

Contributing or Reviewing Work Groups

FHIR Resource Development Project Insight ID

Project 1128 [1]


Scope of coverage

Overview

Clinical Notes allow EHR users to view and enter textual information that is stored in the patient's chart. Text can be entered manually, created from transcribed dictation, or automatically generated based on other structured data in the patient's chart, which is subsequently annotated and/or summarized. Clinical Notes could be as simple as a single sentence or as comprehensive as a History & Physical (H&P). ClinicalNotes can range from pure narrative to partial narrative to fully encoded, but it is more commonly narrative and less commonly fully encoded (since it may not be efficient to do so). Often the structure of the narrative is just a bold piece of text signifying a section heading within the note. Clinical Notes can be authored by a physician, nurse, pharmacist, or any other practitioner. Note types, such as H&P, Consult Note, Progress Note, Operative Note, Nursing Note, Physician Communication, Pharmacy Intervention Note, Rehab Note, and Nutrition Therapy Note as well as date, author, status, and encounter help organize notes.


RIM scope

Resource appropriateness

Expected implementations

Content sources

Example Scenarios

Type
Contents Author Context Point in Time
Physician Inpatient Expectation CMS 2 midnight rule; physician attesting to why the patient needs to remain in the hospital (if no admitting order within 24 hours) Physician Encounter Yes
Office Note or ED Note Chief Complaint, HPI, Review of Systems, Physical Exam, Subjective/Constitutional, Assessment/Impression and Plan (orders), Follow-Up, Billing Notes, Chart data Physician Encounter Yes
H&P Diagnosis/Chief Complaint, Advance Directive, HPI, Past Medical History, Family/Social History, Chart Data (allergies, meds), Review of System, Physical Exam, Assessment and Plan (more comprehensive than the Office Note) Physician Encounter Yes
Consult Note similar to H&P, except only comprehensive within a given specialty Physician Encounter Yes
Inpatient Progress Note SOAP format or freetext format (used when something significant happens after the day's progress note was already written) Physician Encounter Yes
Operative Note Date of Surgery, Surgeon, Assistant, Pre-Op Dx, Post-Op Dx, Operation/procedure codes, Anesthesiologist, Anesthesia used, complications, estimated blood loss, specimens removed, description of surgery/findings (instruments used, etc.) Physician Procedure Yes
Shift (Nursing Progress) Note Major events of the shift, such as:
  • patient ate well, so tube feeding decreased and scheduled insulin given
  • patient general state, meds held, care provided, repositioned patient, fall precautions
  • eye crusty and purulent, doctor paged, waiting for call back
Nurse Encounter Yes
Physician Communication Communication for various reasons, such as:
  • clinical reason - lab result, patient status change (vomit, fever, etc)
  • family reason - family availability if doctor wanted to call family
  • anesthesia or OR cancels surgery, need to notify physician
Anyone Encounter Yes
Pharmacy Intervention Note Pharmacist reviews medications; found patient was on duplicate therapy or found cheaper therapy; actions the pharmacist took or is recommending; billing note about pharmacist time spent; Pharmacist Encounter Yes
Pharmacy Monitoring Note Anticoagulation (monitor labs, intervene if unsafe); Antibiotics Pharmacist Encounter Yes
Rehab Notes (OT, Speech, PT) Chief Complaint, HPI, Physical Therapy Assessment, Treatment, Plan, Goals, Billing Rehab Services Encounter Yes
Nutrition Therapy Note general note, overall dietary note with tube feeding, amount taken orally, how doing with meals, estimated % of caloric intake or protein intake, admit weight to current weight comparison, labs, medications, nutrition diagnosis, RD recommendations, measurable goals RD Encounter Yes
Physician Clarification Request from Medical Records (HIM query) example: Anemia Specificity; Coder will pull things out of chart and say I was confused by these facts....physician(s) reply by comments on the note or addendums on the note Medical Records Encounter Yes


Resource Relationships

Timelines

gForge Users

Lloyd McKenzie and/or Michelle M Miller


When Resource Proposal Is Complete

When you have completed your proposal, please send an email to FMGcontact@HL7.org

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